Anointing & Blessing Oil. Use a carrier oil such as Olive or Grapeseed oil as base. Add: • Sandalwood, or cedar wood oil for cleansing and protection. • Camphor oil to remove harmful or intrusive energies. • Orange oil for love and luck. • And Patchouli for protection. Wiccan Blessing Oil Recipe.This spell will give it a nice boost to help keep you healthy and fight off colds and influenza naturally. $250 $150 on sale for 30 days. Witchcraft Magic Spells Review. Witchcraft magic spells are very powerful and should be used carefully. White magic is the only kind of magic spells that we use and all are 100% safe.5. Powerful prayer against evil witchcraft . Dear God, I declare that witchcraft has no authority or power over me in any way, shape, or form. By the blood of Jesus and the power of the Holy Spirit, I rebuke and break every curse, spell, or enchantment cast by witches or any practitioners of dark arts.. I renounce any …Ready to learn more about Kitchen Witchery? For access to this course and so much more, join the Mumbleship at Mumbles Academy.Inside the Mumbleship, you’ll have access to our 25+ magic topics and masterclasses, 50+ witchcraft resources including spells, charts, and worksheets, and our member-led discussion forum.Jun 2, 2022 · White Magic Spells. White magic has long been associated with the use of supernatural abilities or a life of peace and pleasure. This is one of the most prevalent spells used in witchcraft today. White magic spells are a broad category of spells that aim to bring happiness and harmony to people’s lives. It will only provide you with good ... Yes. Take the following items in both your palms to remove the black spell -- garlic clove, salt, dried red chili and mustard seeds. Spin it three times on the person suffering and, then, on a hot pan, let it burn. If you find strong smell means the evil eye has been removed. Thanks! We're glad this was helpful.When Europeans began migrating to the North America, they discovered it was a much different place than they were expecting. Threats lay around every turn, including their very real fear of witches and devils. In this article, we examine Old School American Witchcraft. Initiations, curses, spells and the Devil were very real to the American ...Beginner witches often succeed with elementary spells since their focus and intention shines through clearly. Out with the Old, In with the New: Evolving Needs. In ancient times, protection magic centered on literal, physical defense against seen and unseen forces that could cause harm. Modern approaches, however, tend to focus more …Spell Casting: Witchcraft can harness magic for spells, series of magical effects casted from chants, but they can also take the form of specific thoughts, gestures, rituals, and other actions. If the witch/warlock is powerful or skilled enough, they can cast their spells as nonverbal, which doesn't require them to say the incantations to ...Aug 30, 2023 · According to Helen A. Berger, Ph.D, affiliated scholar at Brandeis University's Women’s Studies Research Center, Wicca, like witchcraft, is a form of paganism. "Wicca is a religion whose ... With this app, you can take these Wiccan & Witch spells wherever you go without lugging around a heavy spell book! If you find a spell you like, you can save this spell as a favorite so you can return to it over and over again. Features: * Hundreds of Wiccan & Witch spells, Witchcraft notes, and Rituals. * Complete Guide on how to celebrate the ...White Magic — or Positive Witchcraft — can be used by anyone. These spells and rituals are useful in helping us achieve our goals, or for good physical and mental development in connection with the Spirit. Tips for Casting Spells. 1. Have Clear Goals: Before casting any type of spell, you should be clear about what your intentions …This is particularly important in love-drawing spells. Most Wiccan witches avoid any spell that attempts to control a person. Take a love triangle, for example. If a witch has feelings for a friend’s partner, one route could involve magically breaking up the couple and using witchcraft to seduce the now-single target.The sorcery and witchcraft of Slavic people is a synthesis of paganism and Christianity, i.e. the influence of the Orthodox Church (I would say – the synthesis of the old world and the modern beliefs). Today, there are still people who celebrate pagan festivals. The Slavic practice of witchcraft and magic is present in Russia, Belarus ...The Holy Book of Women’s Mysteries: Feminist Witchcraft, Goddess Rituals, Spellcasting and Other Womanly Arts by Z. Budapest (1989) I’m aware that there’s an earlier edition of this book ...Nov 8, 2023 · A spell that is developed and cast for useful outcomes can be called a "appeal", "magic" or "true blessing". Each spell will require a specific formula to achieve and generally consist of images, carries out and particular incantations that permit the witch to gather, order and commission the energies or forces that will carry out the task ... Use witch marks to stop her from crossing into your house or from allowing her familiars to cross into your house. Witch marks are ancient boundary spells. One of the most common is the interwoven initial M, for the Virgin Mary, which persists long after Catholicism has been forbidden. Another is a spiral in which the roaming entity will get lost.Wiccan Love Spells – 101. ‘The more you learn, the more you need to learn. …. That’s what life is. That’s what Wicca is. …. You thought you knew yourself, and then you found out one thing and then another thing. It changes the whole way you see yourself and others in relation to you.’. Join Online Covens. A coven is a group of spiritual people sharing common interests and goals. A coven is the greatest place to learn new topics or to practice your magical arts and skills. Learn magic from our online spellbook of thousands of spells or join the community and discuss new age, occult or spiritual topics. Plant Magick In Rituals and Spells 🌿. A plant is a living energy source. Therefore, spells and rituals that include them are powerfully enhanced and strengthened. The most common way to make plant magick is by creating incenses and other plant potions. You can Sprinkle them around a cast circle for protection or add them to …December 17, 2021. Witch predicts and reads the future through the use of Tarot cards.Mystical and occult concept. Edalin / Getty Images. All products are independently … Join Online Covens. A coven is a group of spiritual people sharing common interests and goals. A coven is the greatest place to learn new topics or to practice your magical arts and skills. Learn magic from our online spellbook of thousands of spells or join the community and discuss new age, occult or spiritual topics. The most common thread of belief that seems to surface among secular witches is the idea that we all come from a single energy source (much like God, but not quite). This energy source ebbs and flows, creates and destroys, and connects all living things like a thread flowing through us. If that resonates with you then wonderful. Join Online Covens. A coven is a group of spiritual people sharing common interests and goals. A coven is the greatest place to learn new topics or to practice your magical arts and skills. Learn magic from our online spellbook of thousands of spells or join the community and discuss new age, occult or spiritual topics. Understanding Witchcraft and How It Works Witchcraft is a form of magic that involves the use of spells and rituals to influence the lives of others. It is believed to have been practiced for centuries, with its origins traced back to ancient cultures. Witches may cast spells for a variety of reasons, such as to gain power, control, or revenge.Though the world of witchcraft may seem daunting at first, there are a number of simple concepts you can learn and basic spells you can practice to start your journey with Wiccanism, as this guide only …Use them in sun magick.. A bright, yellow, full-sun flower makes a cheerful addition to any solar or daylight ritual.. Include in creativity and inspiration spells.. Dandelions begin to come up just as the winter fades completely, symbolizing hope and and new beginnings. Include dandelions in spells to jump start projects or break a creative …Solar Water. Solar magick harnesses the power of the sun to bring about positive change in one’s life. This could involve anything from casting spells to meditating in the rays of the sun and focusing on your desired outcome. Whether asking for protection or blessings, developing confidence, or encouraging growth, solar magick can bring peace ...Witchcraft is the practice of magic used by witches. Before a witch has come into their power, they're considered "untapped", and their magic is considered pure. However, after awakening their power, witchcraft can encompass many different types of activities, such as spell casting, astrology, divination, and spirit communication, to name a few. This …Aug 22, 2016 · Spells were everything. In ancient “binding magic,” it was all about the spells. Unlike modern-day magical phrases like, say, "bippity boppity boo," practitioners of magic in ancient Greek and ... May 21, 2020 · Spells and Rituals. Rituals and spells are one of the oldest parts of witchcraft. They help us direct our energy and intention into one place so that it can be put out into the universe. Rituals help us stay consistent in our craft, which is equally as important as intention. Practicing magic daily, or as often as you can, keeps you connected ... Buckland spells everything out plainly and succinctly. The Holy Book of Women’s Mysteries: Feminist Witchcraft, Goddess Rituals, Spellcasting and Other Womanly Arts by Z. Budapest (1989)Witch’s bird familiars can also be used in spells and rituals related to the elements. For example, if a witch is working with the element of air, they might call upon a bird familiar that is associated with the sky, such as a hawk or an eagle, to help them with their magic. Similarly, if a witch is working with the element of fire, they ... Join Online Covens. A coven is a group of spiritual people sharing common interests and goals. A coven is the greatest place to learn new topics or to practice your magical arts and skills. Learn magic from our online spellbook of thousands of spells or join the community and discuss new age, occult or spiritual topics. Witchcraft falls under the umbrella term of Paganism – a form of spiritual practice that involves a deep reverence of the earth. While the term “witch” is now incredibly nuanced and there ...Witches are people who practice magick. Magick, which witches like to spell with a "k" to differentiate it from stage magic, is real, too. The practice of magick is about raising and directing ...White Magic — or Positive Witchcraft — can be used by anyone. These spells and rituals are useful in helping us achieve our goals, or for good physical and mental development in connection with the Spirit. Tips for Casting Spells. 1. Have Clear Goals: Before casting any type of spell, you should be clear about what your intentions …Book a 2024 Year Ahead Reading: Pre-recorded Reading, Live Reading Join the Palace Coven and attend our upcoming events: Dec 13th 12pm: Witchcraft & …Coven witch. Download Article. Coven witches value community. A "coven" is defined as a group of 13 or more witches. This type of witch feels the strongest when surrounded by other witches. They use combined magic to cast spells and rituals. These witches often perform rituals or ceremonies and hold hands together. 7. A spell or incantation is believed to draw power from spiritual agencies to accomplish magic. Knowledge of spells or symbolic numbers is often secret (occult), and the possessor of such knowledge can be either greatly revered or feared. In some cases, the spell is the most highly regarded component of the magical rite or ceremony. Nov 2, 2021 · From emoji spells to WitchTok, the mysterious, 600-year-old emblems of tarot and spell books are still resonating in the 21st Century. Clare Thorp finds out why. Why the secret symbols of magic ... Buckland spells everything out plainly and succinctly. The Holy Book of Women’s Mysteries: Feminist Witchcraft, Goddess Rituals, Spellcasting and Other Womanly Arts by Z. Budapest (1989) Join Online Covens. A coven is a group of spiritual people sharing common interests and goals. A coven is the greatest place to learn new topics or to practice your magical arts and skills. Learn magic from our online spellbook of thousands of spells or join the community and discuss new age, occult or spiritual topics. Simple Love Spells. Looking to draw a little love into your life? Try one of these easy love …Witch’s bird familiars can also be used in spells and rituals related to the elements. For example, if a witch is working with the element of air, they might call upon a bird familiar that is associated with the sky, such as a hawk or an eagle, to help them with their magic. Similarly, if a witch is working with the element of fire, they ...The Holy Book of Women’s Mysteries: Feminist Witchcraft, Goddess Rituals, Spellcasting and Other Womanly Arts by Z. Budapest (1989) I’m aware that there’s an earlier edition of this book ...1. Offer a Penny to the World. Offering a penny to the world is a spell that brings luck to self and nature. This spell also sends positive karma and is important for days when you feel down. It is also an excellent spell at the start of a new season. For this spell, you need a penny or a clear quartz crystal.Trobrianders have spells for black magic, for weather, healing, agriculture, fishing, dance, beauty, love, sailing and canoes, and anti-witch (or shark) magic. Magic …Witchcraft and witchcraft spells have long gotten a very bad reputation for doing evil and harming others. From the silly depictions of women with pointy noses flying on broomsticks to the false association of all of …Witchcraft falls under the umbrella term of Paganism – a form of spiritual practice that involves a deep reverence of the earth. While the term “witch” is now incredibly nuanced and there ...Witchcraft and witchcraft spells have long gotten a very bad reputation for doing evil and harming others. From the silly depictions of women with pointy noses flying on broomsticks to the false association of all of …Jun 22, 2023 · Sorcerous Spells: Witch’s Incantations. Magic. June 22, 2023. 0. 844. 35 Min Read. Spread the love. In the realm where magic and mysticism intertwine, where whispers of ancient spells echo through the enchanted forests and the flickering flames of cauldrons illuminate the secrets of the unseen, lies the essence of the witch. Witchcraft - African Beliefs, Practices, & History: The same dichotomy between sorcery and witchcraft exists (sometimes more ambiguously) in the beliefs of many peoples throughout the world. Again, witches are typically seen as particularly active after dusk, when law-abiding mortals are asleep. According to traditional Navajo belief, when a …The witch panic reached England about a century later. In 1563, du.ring the reign of Elizabeth I, new laws were passed against witchcraft, but not until 1603, in the reign of James I (him- self an intended victim of a witch plot and author of works on witch-finding), was it made a capital offense.Angels of Light Spell. This white magic love spell utilizes the power of your angels to connect you to the very person meant to support you in all your life’s goals, pursuits, dreams, and decisions. It is a positive energy spell that will help guide you to your one true love. What You Will Need:Spells and Rituals are the ways of a witch to exert the power they possess. They may be carried out through ritual action, reciting an incantation, or a combination of the aforementioned. These are typically used and recorded in books known as grimoires, moreover, other tools may be utilized in addition to aid in certain spells and rituals. River …Kitchen witches craft their spells through meals, infusing their food with magical intentions to heal, protect, or enhance emotional well-being. This practice emphasizes the …Solar Water. Solar magick harnesses the power of the sun to bring about positive change in one’s life. This could involve anything from casting spells to meditating in the rays of the sun and focusing on your desired outcome. Whether asking for protection or blessings, developing confidence, or encouraging growth, solar magick can bring peace ...Picture how the sun shines on their face, how they kiss your forehead. Feel the warm and the love running through your body. Light your candle and grab your paper. Start to write “I attract love easily. I call my perfect partner to me.”. Like the spell before, allow the candle to burn out naturally. 3.Witchcraft definition: the art or practices of a witch; sorcery or magical influence; magic, especially for evil purposes. See examples of WITCHCRAFT used in a sentence.Complete with over 50 spells and information on the magickal tools and traditions of witchcraft, The Book of Spells is the ultimate guide to healing, manifesting your desires, and diving confidently into the mysteries of magick. Complete with over 50 spells and information on the magickal tools and traditions of witchcraft, The Book of Spells is the …White Magic — or Positive Witchcraft — can be used by anyone. These spells and rituals are useful in helping us achieve our goals, or for good physical and mental development in connection with the Spirit. Tips for Casting Spells. 1. Have Clear Goals: Before casting any type of spell, you should be clear about what your intentions …How Witchcraft: A Handbook of Magick Spells of Magic Spells and Potions rates with me. I’m the first to give just about any book a fair shake. I try to be impartial. I don’t expect everything I read to be written the way it would be if I …Understanding Witchcraft and How It Works Witchcraft is a form of magic that involves the use of spells and rituals to influence the lives of others. It is believed to have been practiced for centuries, with its origins traced back to ancient cultures. Witches may cast spells for a variety of reasons, such as to gain power, control, or revenge.Discover 10 books about witchcraft. From how to use plants and herbs to make healing potions to harnessing the moon's energy for your desires, AbeBooks has Wicca guides and spell books for every witch. These books cover …The reverse witchcraft spell is on its way. Now you can see what that witch sees. Here it is: The first step is identifying what type of witchcraft spell it is. There are two types of witchcraft spells, black magic or white magic. We need to know which one it is so that we can reverse the spell.Witchcraft, traditionally, the exercise or invocation of alleged supernatural powers to control people or events, practices typically involving sorcery or magic. Witchcraft thus defined is an imaginative …Nov 1, 2019 · Wiccan Love Spells – 101. ‘The more you learn, the more you need to learn. …. That’s what life is. That’s what Wicca is. …. You thought you knew yourself, and then you found out one thing and then another thing. It changes the whole way you see yourself and others in relation to you.’. December 17, 2021. Witch predicts and reads the future through the use of Tarot cards.Mystical and occult concept. Edalin / Getty Images. All products are independently …Spells8 is a beautiful collection of Magic spells for Solitary Witches. Use the links above to filter spell recipes by category. Most are Wicca-friendly. Explore the Witches' Homework page for more spells.Sep 12, 2017 · Early witches were people who practiced witchcraft, using magic spells and calling upon spirits for help or to bring about change. Most witches were thought to be pagans doing the Devil’s work. Issues of the effectiveness, and appropriateness, of spells and charms, church ceremonies, and sacramentals, as well as the sacraments themselves, continued well into the early modern period. 15 Arguably the two greatest monuments of fifteenth-century witchcraft literature were Johannes Nider's Formicarius [Anthill], the most …The reverse witchcraft spell is on its way. Now you can see what that witch sees. Here it is: The first step is identifying what type of witchcraft spell it is. There are two types of witchcraft spells, black magic or white magic. We need to know which one it is so that we can reverse the spell.The difference between a run of bad luck and a curse is that bad luck usually comes to a swift end. The misfortunes are mostly coincidental and could happen to anyone. A curse results in negative incidents which appear to be specific to you. It’s almost as if you have been hit by a perfect storm—one bad thing leads to another.For centuries, Icelanders used magic spells, for both practical everyday purposes and specific unorthodox objectives. Witchcraft was a way of bestowing reason upon an unreasonable world and predicting the unpredictable; sorcery was to our ancestors what science is to modern man. Top Game of Thrones Tours.A History of Witch Bottles and Spell Jars. Witch bottles often referred to by modern witches spell jars have a long history in the practice of witchcraft. The concept of imbuing a spell into a physical container and placing it in a specific location dates back to ancient times. Our ancestors believed that these vessels could protect their homes ... A spell or incantation is believed to draw power from spiritual agencies to accomplish magic. Knowledge of spells or symbolic numbers is often secret (occult), and the possessor of such knowledge can be either greatly revered or feared. In some cases, the spell is the most highly regarded component of the magical rite or ceremony. This is particularly important in love-drawing spells. Most Wiccan witches avoid any spell that attempts to control a person. Take a love triangle, for example. If a witch has feelings for a friend’s partner, one route could involve magically breaking up the couple and using witchcraft to seduce the now-single target.Complete with over 50 spells and information on the magickal tools and traditions of witchcraft, The Book of Spells is the ultimate guide to healing, manifesting your desires, and diving confidently into the mysteries of magick. Calling upon ancient powers and the ways of the Witch, The Book of Spells contains rituals and visualizations …New Moon: This is the beginning of the lunar cycle. It's a time for introspection, planning, and setting intentions. Magic during this phase can be used for new beginnings, fresh starts, and setting the groundwork for future spells and rituals. Waxing Crescent: As the moon grows, it's a time for attraction and growth.How Witchcraft: A Handbook of Magick Spells of Magic Spells and Potions rates with me. I’m the first to give just about any book a fair shake. I try to be impartial. I don’t expect everything I read to be written the way it would be if I …1. Offer a Penny to the World. Offering a penny to the world is a spell that brings luck to self and nature. This spell also sends positive karma and is important for days when you feel down. It is also an excellent spell at the start of a new season. For this spell, you need a penny or a clear quartz crystal.Ready to learn more about Kitchen Witchery? For access to this course and so much more, join the Mumbleship at Mumbles Academy.Inside the Mumbleship, you’ll have access to our 25+ magic topics and masterclasses, 50+ witchcraft resources including spells, charts, and worksheets, and our member-led discussion forum.Complete with over 50 spells and information on the magickal tools and traditions of witchcraft, The Book of Spells is the ultimate guide to healing, manifesting your desires, and diving confidently into the mysteries of magick. Complete with over 50 spells and information on the magickal tools and traditions of witchcraft, The Book of Spells is the … As you might expect, elemental magick involves working with the elements: Earth, Air, Fire, Water, and Spirit. Some practitioners may choose to work with a single element that they resonate with while others might choose to work with all elements equally. A practitioner may choose to call upon the elements during a ritual in place of a deity.
According to Helen A. Berger, Ph.D, affiliated scholar at Brandeis University's Women’s Studies Research Center, Wicca, like witchcraft, is a form of paganism. "Wicca is a religion whose .... Seattle to san diego flight
Tap into the magic all around you with Witchcraft, a guide to ancient potions, spells, chants, rituals, and incantations from around the world.. Learn how to form a spirit circle with coven members, what instruments you need for your craft, special conjurations for each day of the week, and hundreds of crafty spells and potions that will allow you to: Plant Magick In Rituals and Spells 🌿. A plant is a living energy source. Therefore, spells and rituals that include them are powerfully enhanced and strengthened. The most common way to make plant magick is by creating incenses and other plant potions. You can Sprinkle them around a cast circle for protection or add them to …Aug 30, 2023 · According to Helen A. Berger, Ph.D, affiliated scholar at Brandeis University's Women’s Studies Research Center, Wicca, like witchcraft, is a form of paganism. "Wicca is a religion whose ... Old Spells, Magic Herbs and Frightening Creatures- The Curandera in Rudolfo Anaya’s Bless Me, Ultima (Article) Here ends our selection of free Witchcraft books in PDF format. We hope you liked it and already have your next book! If you found this list useful, do not forget to share it on your social networks.For centuries, Icelanders used magic spells, for both practical everyday purposes and specific unorthodox objectives. Witchcraft was a way of bestowing reason upon an unreasonable world and predicting the unpredictable; sorcery was to our ancestors what science is to modern man. Top Game of Thrones Tours.Learn Spell Casting, Magic and Witchcraft. Spell Casting; How to Cast a Spell; Witchcraft; How to Learn Witchcraft; Wicca; How to Use Magic; Spell casting is the most famous aspect of the magickal arts. Popular culture often focuses on the idea of being able to cast magic spells at will in order to achieve a specific purpose. Spell casting and ...Greetings fellow witches, As practitioners of magic, we understand the power and significance of the elements in our craft. ... Whether through incorporating natural materials, performing spells focused on manifesting abundance, or spending time in nature, the Earth element offers a steadfast foundation upon which witches can build their craft. ...The history of Appalachia itself is the history of the granny witchcraft tradition; although the name is relatively new, the customs go back a long time. A combination of folk magic, faith healing, and superstitions, granny magic was often the only source of aid for people in remote, isolated regions. As European settlers arrived in the ...The difference between a run of bad luck and a curse is that bad luck usually comes to a swift end. The misfortunes are mostly coincidental and could happen to anyone. A curse results in negative incidents which appear to be specific to you. It’s almost as if you have been hit by a perfect storm—one bad thing leads to another.Crystals and Gemstones:Clear quartz, amethyst, celestite, blue lace agate, sodalite, aquamarine, citrine. Water. Water, the element of fluidity and intuition, mirrors the ebb and flow of life itself. It represents the vast seas, serene lakes, and soothing rivers that nourish the Earth and all living beings.2) Feeling anxious/worried/nervous. Another sign that might make you believe that witchcraft is being done to you is when you feel anxious, worried, or nervous. Many people are under the impression that witchcraft will make you feel these types of ways, but the chance that the cause for these feelings is witchcraft is minimal at best.Witchcraft is the practice of magic used by witches. Before a witch has come into their power, they're considered "untapped", and their magic is considered pure. However, after awakening their power, witchcraft can encompass many different types of activities, such as spell casting, astrology, divination, and spirit communication, to name a few. This … Join Online Covens. A coven is a group of spiritual people sharing common interests and goals. A coven is the greatest place to learn new topics or to practice your magical arts and skills. Learn magic from our online spellbook of thousands of spells or join the community and discuss new age, occult or spiritual topics. Issues of the effectiveness, and appropriateness, of spells and charms, church ceremonies, and sacramentals, as well as the sacraments themselves, continued well into the early modern period. 15 Arguably the two greatest monuments of fifteenth-century witchcraft literature were Johannes Nider's Formicarius [Anthill], the most …Feb 14, 2020 · Why Witchcraft Is on the Rise. Americans’ interest in spell-casting tends to wax as instability rises and trust in establishment ideas plummets. Juliet Diaz said she was having trouble not ... Witchcraft is a compendium of various spells and beliefs from many cultures throughout history. It includes safekeeping, animals, the dead, and many other interesting categories. West’s illustrations are eye-catching, and they compliment Greywolf’s writing. The art in this book is superb.In witchcraft, intention is normally referred to when practicing a spell. A spell focuses your intentions into a specific action or ritual. This focuses all your personal power and energy into one thing and clearly communicates to the universe what you want or need. Imagine trying to do magic without an intention.Step-by-Step Freezer Spells. There are many different ways you can do freezer spells but I will highlight two of them today. These will give you an idea of reasons you might choose to do this spell and how you can get creative with your own freezer spell. First, you will need a taglock. This is an object meant to represent the person you need ...In witchcraft, intention is normally referred to when practicing a spell. A spell focuses your intentions into a specific action or ritual. This focuses all your personal power and energy into one thing and clearly communicates to the universe what you want or need. Imagine trying to do magic without an intention.Spell Casting: Witchcraft can harness magic for spells, series of magical effects casted from chants, but they can also take the form of specific thoughts, gestures, rituals, and other actions. If the witch/warlock is powerful or skilled enough, they can cast their spells as nonverbal, which doesn't require them to say the incantations to ....